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Most likely not, at the least not with out taking steroids.
And if it does happen, it’s most likely simply the results of lifting weights correctly for years on finish, moderately than one thing you may “activate.”
Nonetheless, the thought of muscle hyperplasia has been kicking across the bodybuilding house for years now.
It is a technical time period meaning the formation of latest muscle cells (plasia means “formation, development, or improvement”), and there’s an ongoing debate as as to whether it’s really attainable or not.
Some say that each muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia contribute to general muscle development. Others declare that muscle hyperplasia doesn’t happen in any respect in people, and any improve in muscle dimension is solely on account of a rise within the dimension of particular person muscle fibers (hypertrophy).
Who’s proper?
In case you flip open a physiology textbook, you’ll learn that there’s nothing we will do to extend or lower the variety of muscle cells in our our bodies—that we will solely develop or shrink their dimension.
And by and huge, most studies present that’s the case.
That stated, most of those research had been performed on sedentary folks, and there’s some proof that we might be able to add new muscle cells with sufficient years of laborious strength training.
The primary line of proof comes from animal analysis, which exhibits that hyperplasia can happen when you use a sufficiently brutal coaching protocol.
For instance, scientists from the College of Texas discovered that they might trigger a 24% improve in muscle dimension on account of hyperplasia once they connected a weight to a chicken’s wing for 30 days.
Though it’s not sensible, different research has proven you could trigger hyperplasia in rats by chopping them open and partially destroying the muscle groups.
The second line of proof is extra convincing.
A few studies have proven that bodybuilders have extra complete muscle cells than their nonlifting counterparts, which has led some to conclude that their years of laborious coaching might have induced muscle hyperplasia.
Whereas an interesting idea (who wouldn’t like extra muscle cells?), there are three issues with these research:
- We do not know what number of muscle cells everybody had earlier than the examine. It’s attainable (and maybe probably) that the bodybuilders in these research had been simply born with extra muscle cells than the sedentary folks.
- The research didn’t straight measure or exhibit muscle hyperplasia. As a substitute, they simply discovered a correlation between larger muscle groups and extra muscle cells. Muscle hyperplasia might or might not have induced this to happen.
- Most other studies have discovered that bodybuilders and sedentary folks have the identical variety of muscle cells. This could point out that almost all bodybuilders have larger muscle groups via rising their current muscle cells, not including new ones.
One other confounding variable right here is that it’s attainable that steroids might have helped bodybuilders develop new muscle cells. For instance, in a study performed by a crew of researchers at Umeå College, muscle samples had been taken from two teams of powerlifters:
- Those that had used massive doses of anabolic steroids for a number of years.
- Those that had by no means taken steroids.
After analyzing the muscle tissues, researchers discovered that the steroid customers had considerably extra muscle cells than the natties, so it’s attainable you could immediate muscle hyperplasia when you’re prepared to inject massive doses of #dedication for years on finish.
This may also assist clarify why individuals who’ve used steroids tend to keep at the least a few of their chemically enhanced beneficial properties years after they cease taking medication.
Cynical musings apart, it’s attainable that hyperplasia can happen in people, however it’s in no way clear if we have now a lot of any management over this. In different phrases, if it does happen, it’s most likely only a aspect impact of lifting weights correctly moderately than one thing you may set off with “particular” weight loss program or coaching methods.
There’s additionally a phenomena associated to muscle hyperplasia often known as myonuclear area idea, which describes how muscle cells accumulate increasingly nuclei over time, which is one issue that enables them to develop larger and stronger.
The particulars of how this works are past the scope of this text, however the important thing factor to grasp is that this doesn’t contain creating new muscle cells. As a substitute, it’s merely one of many physiological mechanisms that enables your current muscle cells to develop bigger. (Take a look at this article if you wish to study extra about myonuclear area idea and the way it helps you regain muscle).
So, the place does that depart us?
Researchers nonetheless aren’t positive whether or not or not muscle hyperplasia happens in people, but when it does, it’s most likely not important sufficient to make a lot of a distinction in your energy, look, or dimension.
+ Scientific References
- Snijders, T., Aussieker, T., Holwerda, A., Parise, G., van Loon, L. J. C., & Verdijk, L. B. (2020). The concept of skeletal muscle memory: Evidence from animal and human studies. In Acta Physiologica (Vol. 229, Issue 3). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.13465
- Yu, J. G., Bonnerud, P., Eriksson, A., Stal, P. S., Tegner, Y., & Malm, C. (2014). Effects of long term supplementation of anabolic androgen steroids on human skeletal muscle. PLoS ONE, 9(9), 105330. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105330
- Kadi, F., Eriksson, A., Holmner, S., & Thornell, L. E. (1999). Effects of anabolic steroids on the muscle cells of strength-trained athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(11), 1528–1534. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199911000-00006
- SCHANTZ, P., FOX, E. R., NORGREN, P., & TYDÉN, A. (1981). The relationship between the mean muscle fibre area and the muscle cross‐sectional area of the thigh in subjects with large differences in thigh girth. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 113(4), 537–539. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1981.tb06934.x
- Håggmark, T., Jansson, E., & Svane, B. (1978). Cross-sectional area of the thigh muscle in man measured by computed tomography. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 38(4), 355–360. https://doi.org/10.3109/00365517809108434
- MacDougall, J. D., Sale, D. G., Alway, S. E., & Sutton, J. R. (1984). Muscle fiber number in biceps brachii in bodybuilders and control subjects. Journal of Applied Physiology Respiratory Environmental and Exercise Physiology, 57(5), 1399–1403. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1984.57.5.1399
- Alway, S. E., Grumbt, W. H., Gonyea, W. J., & Stray-Gundersen, J. (1989). Contrasts in muscle and myofibers of elite male and female bodybuilders. Journal of Applied Physiology, 67(1), 24–31. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.67.1.24
- Larsson, L., & Tesch, P. A. (1986). Motor unit fibre density in extremely hypertrophied skeletal muscles in man – Electrophysiological signs of muscle fibre hyperplasia. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 55(2), 130–136. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00714994
- Gollnick, P. D., Timson, B. F., Moore, R. L., & Riedy, M. (1981). Muscular enlargement and number of fibers in skeletal muscles of rats. Journal of Applied Physiology Respiratory Environmental and Exercise Physiology, 50(5), 936–943. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1981.50.5.936
- Alway, S. E., Winchester, P. K., Davis, M. E., & Gonyea, W. J. (1989). Regionalized adaptations and muscle fiber proliferation in stretch-induced enlargement. Journal of Applied Physiology, 66(2), 771–781. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.2.771
- Goodman, C. A., Frey, J. W., Mabrey, D. M., Jacobs, B. L., Lincoln, H. C., You, J. S., & Hornberger, T. A. (2011). The role of skeletal muscle mTOR in the regulation of mechanical load-induced growth. Journal of Physiology, 589(22), 5485–5501. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2011.218255
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